Disaster Preparedness: Generator Situation Planning

Power outages are a common consequence of natural disasters. A power generator can be a lifeline, providing electricity for essential needs. But owning a generator isn’t enough; careful planning is crucial to ensure its safe and effective use during an emergency. This post will guide you through essential generator situation planning steps, helping you prepare for the unexpected.

Assessing Your Power Needs

Before investing in a generator, understand your power requirements. Don’t aim to power your entire house during an outage. Prioritize essential appliances.

Identifying Essential Appliances

• Refrigerator/Freezer: To prevent food spoilage.
• Heating/Cooling System: For maintaining a safe temperature.
• Medical Equipment: For powering life-sustaining devices.
• Sump Pump: To prevent basement flooding.
• Lighting: For safety and visibility.
• Communication Devices: For staying informed and connected.

Calculating Wattage Requirements

Check the wattage requirements of each appliance. Add these wattages to determine the minimum generator size. Consider starting wattage (needed to initially power an appliance) which can be significantly higher than running wattage.

Choosing the Right Generator

Selecting the appropriate generator type is vital for meeting your needs and budget.

Portable Generators

Smaller, more affordable, and suitable for powering a few essential appliances. Require manual starting and refueling.

Standby Generators

Larger, permanently installed, and automatically activate during a power outage. Run on propane or natural gas, offering longer operation without refueling.

Inverter Generators

Produce cleaner power, making them safe for sensitive electronics. More fuel-efficient than conventional portable generators.

Safe Generator Operation

Generator safety is paramount to prevent accidents and protect your family.

Proper Ventilation

Never operate a generator indoors or in enclosed spaces. Carbon monoxide poisoning is a serious risk. Place the generator at least 20 feet away from your home, with the exhaust directed away from doors and windows.

Dry Location

Protect the generator from rain and moisture. Use a canopy or shelter if necessary, ensuring proper ventilation.

Fuel Safety

Store fuel in approved containers away from the generator and any ignition sources. Allow the generator to cool down completely before refueling.

Connection to Home Circuits

Never connect a generator directly to your home’s electrical system (backfeeding). This is extremely dangerous and can electrocute utility workers. Use a transfer switch installed by a qualified electrician.

Maintenance and Testing

Regular maintenance is essential for reliable generator performance during an emergency.

Routine Checks

• Check oil levels regularly and change oil according to manufacturer recommendations.
• Inspect air filters and clean or replace as needed.
• Check spark plugs and replace if worn.

Test Runs

Run the generator monthly for 30 minutes to ensure it’s functioning correctly. This also helps prevent stale fuel.

Developing a Generator Plan

Having a well-defined plan is crucial for effectively using your generator during a disaster.

Designated Operator

Identify a responsible individual to operate the generator. Ensure they understand the safety procedures and operating instructions.

Emergency Contact List

Compile a list of emergency contacts, including utility companies, local authorities, and family members.

Fuel Storage

Store an adequate supply of fuel for the generator. Rotate fuel stock regularly to prevent degradation.

Conclusion

Investing in a generator and developing a comprehensive plan is a vital step in disaster preparedness. By carefully assessing your power needs, choosing the right generator, following safety guidelines, and performing regular maintenance, you can ensure a reliable power source during emergencies, protecting your family and home when it matters most.